Use of Modifier
1. Water is a (a) ---- (pre modify the noun) substance. It has no colour of (b) --- (use possessive) own. The (c) ---- (determiner to pre modify the noun) name of water is life. By drinking water we can quench (d) ---- (possessive to pre modify the noun) thirst. Thus we can survive on earth. But (e) --- (pre modify the noun) water is life killing. By drinking contaminated water, we suffer from diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid etc. We may (f) --- (pre modify the verb) face (g) –- (modify the noun) death by drinking such type of water. We are responsible for (h) ---- (noun adjective to pre modify the noun) pollution. Waste materials from mills and factories are thrown here and there. Farmers use fertilizers and insecticides in their land. During the rainy season, they are mixed with ponds and rivers. Besides, latrines (i) ---- (use participle to post modify the noun) on ponds and rivers cause water pollution. (j) --- (pre modify the noun) awareness should be raised to stop water pollution.
2. Othello, (a) ---- (Use an appositive to post modify the noun) had risen to become a general. He had shown his bravery in many (b) --- (Use an adjective to modify noun) battles against the Turks. Everyone praised him (c) --- (modify the verb) and the senate trusted and honoured him. Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice had a daughter named Desdemona (d) ---- (Use a relative clause to post modify the noun). Brabantio (e) ---- (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. He told them of deserts, of caves and of mountains high (f) ----- (Use an intensifier to post-modify the adjective) to touch the sky. Desdemona had to weep (g) ------ (Use a present participle phrase to post modify the verb phrase) and she never became tired of listening to it. She pitied Othello (h) --- (Use an adverb to post modify the verb) for the misfortunes and hardships of his life. Her pity (i) ----- (Use an adverb to post-modify the verb) turned to love. She refused all the young men (j) ---- (Use an infinitive to post modify verb) because she loved Othello.
3. Rabindranath Tagore was a (a) ----- (pre-modify the noun) poet of Bangali literature. He was born in a (b) ---- (pre-modify the noun) family at Jorashako, Kolkata. He went to school (c) ---- (post modify the verb). He wrote his (d) ----- (pre modify the noun) verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, he went to London (e) ---- (modify the verb with an infinitive) school there. He was put up in a lodging house under the care of a (f) ---- (pre-modify the noun) coach, Mr. Scott. He was lucky (g) --- (modify the adjective with an infinitive) an English family of Mr. Scott. He also visited the House Parliament (h) ---- (post modify the verb with an infinitive) Gladstone and John Bright’s debates on Irish rule. He wrote letters to Kolkata (i) ---- (post modify the verb using present participle) English society. At this, his family thought that they might lose their son (j) --- (post modify the verb). So, he was called back to Kolkata.
Answer: 1. a. liquid, b. its, c. our, d. our, e. polluted, f. eventually, g. untimely, h. water, i. standing, j. Public.
2. a brave warrior, b. bloody, c. greatly, d. who was a beautiful woman, e. often, f. enough, g. hearing the stories of Othello, h. much, i. soon, j. to marry.
3. a. great, b. renowned, c. early, d. first, e. to attend, f. professional, g. enough, h. to listen to, i. praising, j. forever.
লেখক : সহযোগী অধ্যাপক, ইংরেজি বিভাগ
আদমজী ক্যান্টনমেন্ট কলেজ, ঢাকা
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