সুপ্রিয় ২০২৪ সালের ইংলিশ ভার্সনের এইচএসসি পরীক্ষার্থী বন্ধুরা, শুভেচ্ছা নিও। আজ তোমাদের Information and Communication Technology-এর ‘First Chapter : Information and Communication Technology: World and Bangladesh perspective’-এর Data Transmission Medium থেকে ২টি বর্ণনামূলক এবং ৬টি MCQ প্রশ্ন ও উত্তর নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হলো।
Question: What is Data Transmission Medium? What is the types of Data Transmission Medium?
Answer: Data transmission medium is the physical or wireless path through which data travels from one device to another.
Types of Medium. There are-
a. Physical/Guided Medium
b. Wireless/ Unguided Medium
a. Physical/Guided Media: These mediums physically confine the data signal, like cables or wires.
3 Types. There are-
1. Twisted Pair Cable
2. Coaxial Cable, 3. Optical Fiber Cable
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Twisted-pair cable: This is the most common type, used in telephone lines and computer networks. It consists of two insulated wires twisted together, which helps to cancel out electromagnetic interference.
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Coaxial cable: This cable has a central conductor surrounded by an insulating layer and a braided metal shield. It offers higher bandwidth than twisted-pair cable and is used for cable TV and some older network technologies.
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Fiber-optic cable: This cable uses thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit data in the form of light pulses. It offers the highest bandwidth and lowest signal loss of all guided mediums and is used for long-distance communication and high-speed networks.
b. Wireless/Unguided Media: These mediums use the air or space as the transmission path, so the data signals are not physically confined.
3 types: There are-
1. Radio Wave
2. Microwave
3. Infrared
1. Radio waves: Used in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and cellular networks, offering flexibility and mobility but susceptible to interference and signal degradation with distance.
2. Microwaves: Used for long-distance point-to-point communication, offering high bandwidth and security but requiring line-of-sight between sender and receiver.
3. Infrared: Used in short-range devices like remote controls, offering line-of-sight transmission but limited range and susceptible to interference.
Question: What factors of data transmission medium?
Answer: The choice of data transmission medium depends on several factors.There are- Distance: Guided mediums are generally better for long distances, while unguided mediums are better for short distances.
Bandwidth: Some mediums offer higher bandwidth than others, which means they can carry more data per unit time.
Security: Guided mediums are generally more secure than unguided mediums because the data is physically confined.
Cost: Guided mediums are generally more expensive to install and maintain than unguided mediums.
MCQ
1. Which of the following is NOT a data transmission medium?
a) Twisted pair cable
b) Microwave
c) Infrared
d) Software
Ans: d) Software.
2. Which type of cable is most susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI)?
a) Coaxial cable
b) Fiber optic cable
c) Twisted pair cable (STP)
d) Twisted pair cable (UTP)
Ans: b) Fiber optic cable.
3. What is the main advantage of fiber optic cable over copper cables?
a) Lower cost
b) Higher bandwidth
c) Greater flexibility
d) Easier to install
Ans: b) Higher bandwidth.
4. Which type of transmission medium requires line-of-sight between the transmitter and receiver?
a) Twisted pair cable
b) Microwave
c) Satellite
d) Fiber optic cable
Ans: b) Microwave.
5. What is the main disadvantage of satellite communication?
a) High data transfer rate
b) Low latency
c) High cost
d) Security vulnerabilities
Ans: d) Security vulnerabilities.
6. Which wireless transmission technology is best suited for long-range communication?
(a) Bluetooth
(b) Wi-Fi
(c) Microwave
(d) Infrared
Ans: (c) Microwave.
কলি
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