First Chapter, Topics: Data Transmission Method
সুপ্রিয় ২০২৪ সালের ইংলিশ ভার্সনের এইচএসসি পরীক্ষার্থী বন্ধুরা, শুভেচ্ছা নিও। আজ তোমাদের Information and Communication Technology-এর ‘First Chapter : Information and Communication Technology: World and Bangladesh perspective’-এর Topics: Data Transmission Method থেকে আরও ১টি বর্ণনামূলক এবং ৩টি MCQ প্রশ্ন ও উত্তর নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হলো।
Questions: Describe the data transmission categorized and it’s definition, characteristics, Example?
Ans: Based on bit synchronization, data transmission can be categorized into three main types:
1. Asynchronous Transmission: Definition: In the data transmission where each character is framed by start and stop bits and there is no continuous clock signal is called asynchronous transmission.
Characteristics: 1. Timing information is implicit in the start and stop bits.
2. The sender and receiver do not have to be perfectly synchronized.
3. Suitable for variable length data and environments with potential clock variations.
Example: An example is traditional computer serial communication using RS-232 or UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter).
2. Synchronous Transmission: Definition: If data is sent in a continuous stream with a synchronized clock signal is called synchronous transmission
Characteristics: 1. Timing information is shared between the sender and receiver.
2. The sender and receiver must be synchronized.
3. Allows for efficient high speed data transfer.
Example: An example would be the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) communication used between microcontrollers and peripherals like sensors or displays.
3. Isochronous Transmission:
Definition: Isochronous data transmission is a method used in digital communication where data is sent at a constant rate with a fixed timing schedule.
Characteristics: i. Constant data rate
ii. Fixed timing Schedule.
iii. Real time requirement.
iv. Synchronization.
Example: USB audio is just one example; isochronous transmission is also commonly used in other real time applications like video streaming.
MCQ
1. What characterizes asynchronous data transmission?
a. Coordinated timing with a shared clock signal
b. Regular intervals for data bits
c. Lack of a shared clock signal, with start and stop bits indicating the data frame boundaries
d. Simultaneous transmission of multiple data frames
2. In asynchronous transmission, what is the purpose of start and stop bits?
a. Indicate the beginning and end of a data frame
b. Provide synchronization between devices
c. Carry actual data
d. Enhance data security during transmission
3. What is a potential drawback of asynchronous data transmission compared to synchronous?
a. Higher data transfer rates
b. Greater simplicity in implementation
c. Increased susceptibility to timing errors
d. Reduced need for handshaking protocols
Answers: 1. c. Lack of a shared clock signal, with start and stop bits indicating the data frame boundaries.
2. a. Indicate the beginning and end of a data frame.
3. c. Increased susceptibility to timing errors.
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